Kugula mphamvu ndi nkhani yomwe imakusangalatsani? Kodi mukufuna kudziwa momwe National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (Insee) imawerengera mphamvu zogulira? Tikupatsirani zambiri zokwanira kuti mumvetsetse bwino mfundo imeneyi. Kenako, ife kufotokoza njira yowerengera zomaliza ndi INSEE.
Kodi mphamvu yogula ndi chiyani malinga ndi INSEE?
Mphamvu yogula, ndi zomwe ndalama zimatilola kupeza potengera katundu ndi ntchito. Komanso, mphamvu yogula ndi zimadalira ndalama ndi mitengo ya katundu ndi ntchito. Kusintha kwa mphamvu zogulira kumachitika pamene pali kusintha pakati pa mlingo wa ndalama zapakhomo ndi mitengo ya katundu ndi ntchito. Mphamvu zogulira zimawonjezeka ngati mlingo womwewo wa ndalama umatilola kugula katundu ndi ntchito zambiri. Ngati, m'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa ndalama kumatipatsa mwayi wopeza zinthu zochepa, ndiye kuti mphamvu yogula imatsika.
Kuti muphunzire bwino za kusinthika kwa mphamvu zogulira, INSEE imagwiritsa ntchito makina ogwiritsira ntchito (CU).
Kodi mphamvu zogulira zimawerengedwa bwanji?
Kuti muwerengere mphamvu zogulira, INSEE imagwiritsa ntchito data atatu zomwe zidzamulola kukhala ndi chidziwitso pa mphamvu yogula:
- mayunitsi ogwiritsira ntchito;
- ndalama zotayidwa;
- kusinthika kwa mitengo.
Momwe mungawerengere mayunitsi ogwiritsira ntchito?
Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito m'nyumba amawerengedwa m'njira zosavuta. Ili ndi lamulo wamba:
- kuwerengera 1 CU kwa wamkulu woyamba;
- kuwerengera 0,5 UC kwa munthu aliyense m'nyumba wazaka zopitilira 14;
- kuwerengera 0,3 UC kwa mwana aliyense m'banja osakwanitsa zaka 14.
Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo: banja lopangidwa ndibanja ndi mwana wazaka 3 ndi 1,8 UA. Timawerengera 1 UC kwa munthu m'modzi mwa awiriwo, 0,5 kwa munthu wachiwiri mu banjali ndi 0,3 UC kwa mwana.
ndalama zotayidwa
Kuti muwerenge mphamvu yogula, ndiyofunika ganizirani ndalama zotayidwa zapakhomo. Omalizawa akuda nkhawa:
- ndalama zochokera kuntchito;
- ndalama zopanda pake.
Ndalama za ntchito ndi malipiro chabe, malipiro kapena ndalama makontrakitala. Phindu la Passive ndi magawo omwe amalandilidwa kudzera munyumba yobwereka, chiwongola dzanja, ndi zina.
Kukula kwamitengo
INSEE amawerengera ogula mtengo index. Chotsatirachi chimapangitsa kuti zitheke kudziwa kusintha kwa mitengo ya katundu ndi ntchito zogulidwa ndi mabanja pakati pa nthawi ziwiri zosiyana. Ngati mitengo ikwera, ndiye kuti ndi inflation. Kutsika kwamitengo kuliponso, ndipo apa ife tiyeni tikambirane za deflation.
Kodi INSEE imayesa bwanji kusintha kwa mphamvu yogulira?
INSEE yatanthauzira kusinthika kwa mphamvu zogulira m'njira 4 zosiyanasiyana. Poyamba adatanthauzira kusinthika kwa mphamvu zogula ngati kusinthika kwa ndalama zapakhomo pamlingo wadziko lonse, popanda kuganizira za kukwera kwa mitengo. Kutanthauzira kumeneku sikuli kolondola kwambiri popeza kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama kudziko lonse kungakhale chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Kenako, INSEE idafotokozeranso kusinthika kwa mphamvu zogulira kusintha kwa ndalama pa munthu. Tanthauzo lachiwiri ili ndi lowona kuposa loyamba chifukwa zotsatira zake sizidalira kuchuluka kwa anthu. Komabe, kuwerengera kusinthika kwa mphamvu yogula mwanjira iyi sichilola kukhala ndi zotsatira zolondola, chifukwa zinthu zingapo zimabwera ndikusokoneza kuwerengera. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akakhala yekha, amawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa akakhala ndi anthu angapo.
Komanso, njira yogwiritsira ntchito unit wakhazikitsidwa. Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuganizira chiwerengero cha anthu m'banja ndikuthetsa vuto lomwe limabwera ndi tanthauzo lachiwiri.
Tanthauzo lomaliza likukhudza ndalama zosinthidwa. Akatswiri akhazikitsa zotsirizirazi kuti aganizire mitengo ya katundu ndi ntchito zogulidwa ndi banja, koma osati kokha, owerengera amaphatikizansopo. zakumwa zaulere zoperekedwa kunyumba monga za umoyo kapena maphunziro.
Mu 2022, mphamvu zogula zikuchepa. Ngakhale kuti zimakhudza kwambiri mabanja omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa, kuchepa kumeneku kumakhudza mitundu yonse ya mabanja.
