Mawu akuti tchuthi nthawi zambiri amatanthauza masabata asanu tchuthi cholipidwa. Koma sizili choncho nthawi zonse, mawu omwewo amatanthauza matanthauzidwe ena angapo. Munkhani yatsopanoyi pamutuwu, tikambirana zatsopano khumi ndi chimodzi mitundu ya tchuthi.

M'mizere yotsatirayi, tiyesa kukuthandizani kuti mupeze tchuthi cha makolo, kusiya ana odwala komanso tchuthi chosasangalatsa. Tikukhulupirira kuti njira yathu ikupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze masamba awa ndi mitundu yawo ndikuti zonsezi zikhala zothandiza kwa inu.

MTSOGOLOUTHENGA WABWINO NDI Kulandila Mwana

Ku France, tate ndi ma tchuthi osamalira ana alembedwa m'lemba L1225-35, L1226-36 ndi D1225-8 a Labor Code. Amaperekedwa kwa onse ogwira ntchito, omwe amakhala abambo, mosasamala kanthu za ntchito zawo, ulemu, mtundu wa mgwirizano pantchito ndi malo ochezera. Ogwira ntchito anzawo nawonso atha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wamtunduwu. Kutalika kwa abambo ndi tchuthi chosamalira ana kumasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kubadwa. Zimakhala masiku 11 kuphatikiza Loweruka ndi Lamlungu pakabadwa kamodzi, masiku 18 pakubadwa kambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zitha kutengedwa masiku atatu ovomerezeka atachoka.

Masiku 11/18 a makolo ndi tchuthi chosamalira ana sangathe kugawidwa.

DIPITSANI KUTULUKA

Tchuthi chololera ana ndi tchuthi chomwe wolemba anzawo aliyense ali ndi udindo wopatsa wogwira ntchito aliyense amene watenga mwana m'modzi kapena angapo. Pangano la ntchito likapanda kulipira malipiro, wogwira ntchito amene watenga tchuthiyi akhoza kulipidwa ngati akwaniritsa izi:

  • adalembetsedwa ndi boma la chitetezo chazaka pafupifupi miyezi 10
  • agwira ntchito pafupifupi maola 200 m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira.

Kutalika kwa tchuthi chovomerezeka kumatha kukhala:

  • Masabata 10 a mwana woyamba kapena wachiwiri
  • Masabata 18 atenga mwana wachitatu kapena kupitilira apo
  • Masabata 22 pomwe akukhala ndi ana angapo ndipo kale muli ndi ana awiri odalira.

Nthawi zambiri zimayambira sabata yoyamba kubadwa kwa mwana (ren) ndipo zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi masiku atatu okakamizidwa kuti uchoke.

Tchuthi chitha kugawidwa pakati pa makolo awiriwa, zomwe zidzawonjezera masiku ena 11 kapena 18 ngati ana angapo aphatikizidwa mnyumbamo.

 LANDIRANI MTANDA KUTULUKA

Tchuthi chodwala cha ana ndi tchuthi chomwe chimalola wogwira ntchito kuti asapezeke pantchito kwakanthawi kuti akasamalire mwana wake wodwala. Malinga ndi zomwe L1225-61 yalemba pa Labor Code, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayendetsa tchuthi ichi, kuphatikiza:

  • mwana wa wantchito ayenera kukhala pansi pa 16,
  • Wantchito ayenera kukhala ndi udindo woyang'anira mwana.

Komabe, tchuthi chololera ana sichimalandiridwa malinga ndi kukula kwa wogwira ntchito kapena malinga ndi momwe akukhalira pakampaniyo. Mwachidule, olemba anzawo ntchito amayenera kupereka kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito pakampani.

Tchuthi ichi kuwonjezera poti sanalandire, chimakhala ndi nthawi yomwe imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu komanso kuchuluka kwa ana aantchito. Izi zimatha:

  • Masiku atatu kwa mwana ochepera zaka 3,
  • Masiku 5 kwa mwana wosakwana chaka chimodzi,
  • Masiku 5 kwa wogwira ntchito yemwe amasamalira ana atatu osakwana zaka 3.

Nthawi zina, mgwirizano wopezeka umapatsa tchuthi nthawi yayitali ya ana odwala, funsani.

KUTULUKA KWA SABABU           

Tchuthi cha Sabata ndi tchuthi ichi chomwe chimapatsa wogwira ntchito ufulu kuti asapite kuntchito kwa nthawi yokhazikika, kuti athe kuchita zina ndi zina. Itha kupatsidwa kokha kwa wogwira ntchito wokhala ndi:

  • osachepera miyezi 36 yakukula mkati mwa kampani,
  • kukhala ndi zaka 6 zantchito yabwino,
  • osapindula ndi tchuthi chophunzitsidwa payekha, tchuthi chokhazikitsa bizinesi kapena tchuthi cha sabata pazaka 6 zapitazi mkati mwa kampani.

Kutalika kwa tchuthi chosasangalatsa nthawi zambiri kumasiyana pakati pa miyezi 6 ndi 11. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawiyi, wogwira ntchito salandila malipiro.

 YESANI KUTI IMFA

Labour Code, malinga ndi nkhani yake L3142-1, imapatsa mwayi woti membala wa banja la wogwirayo amwalira atapatsidwa tchuthi chotchedwa imfa. Amapatsidwa kwa ogwira ntchito onse popanda ukalamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kutalika kwa tchuthi cha amasiye kumasiyana kutengera mgwirizano womwe wogwira ntchito amagawana ndi womwalirayo. Chifukwa chake:

  • Masiku atatu munthu wina akamwalira, mnzake wapabanja kapena mnzake.
  • Masiku atatu atamwalira amayi, bambo, abale kapena alongo kapena apongozi (abambo kapena amayi)
  • Masiku 5 chifukwa chodabwitsa kwambiri cha kufedwa kwa mwana.

Mapangano ena ophatikizika achulukitsa kutalika kwalamulo. Lamulo latsopano liyenera kuwoneka ngati likuthandizira kuti mwana akhale womwalira masiku 15.

 PARENTAL PRESENCE LEVU

Lamulo limapereka kwa onse ogwira ntchito tchuthi chapadera chotchedwa tchuthi cha makolo. Tchuthi ichi chimapatsa wogwira ntchito mwayi woti ayime kuntchito kuti asamalire mwana wake yemwe angamupatse thanzi lomwe limafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso kukhalapo kosatha.

Tchuthi cha makolo chimaperekedwa kwa okhawo ogwira ntchito zodziimira payekha, ogwira ntchito zaboma osagwirizana, osagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi ophunzitsidwa.

Mwachidule, zimangoperekedwa ngati mwana ali ndi kulumala, kudwala kwambiri kapena chifukwa cha ngozi yofunika kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, silimalipira ndipo limakhala ndi masiku 310.

CERERERE KUTULUKA

Malinga ndi lamulo la 2019-1446 la Disembala 24, 2019, aliyense wogwira ntchito ali ndi ufulu wosiya ntchito kuti athandize wokondedwa wake yemwe ataye kudzimana kwambiri kapena akhale wolumala. Tchuthi ichi, chotchedwa tchuthi chowasamalira, sichikhala ndi vuto lililonse pantchito.

Kuti mupindule nawo, wogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi zaka pafupifupi pakati pa kampani. Kuphatikiza apo, wachibale yemwe amathandizidwayo ayenera kukhazikika ku France. Itha kukhala wokondedwa, m'bale, azakhali, m'bale, ndi ena. Ikhozanso kukhala munthu wachikulire wogwirizana ndi wogwira ntchito.

Kutalika kwa tchuthi chowasamalira ndikochepa kwa miyezi itatu. Komabe, zitha kupangidwanso.

Mapangano ena ophatikizika amapereka zabwino zambiri, musayiwale kufunsa.

 BANJA LA SOLIDARITY LOPANDA

Lamulo limapereka kwa antchito omwe wokondedwa wawo ali ndi matenda osachiritsika tchuthi chapadera chotchedwa mgwirizano wamgwirizano wapabanja. Chifukwa cha tchuthi ichi, wogwira ntchito amatha kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kwakanthawi kugwira ntchito kuti asamalire bwino wokondedwa wanu amene wakhudzidwa kwambiri. Omaliza atha kukhala m'bale, mlongo, wophukira, mbadwa, ndi zina zambiri.

Kutalika kwa tchuthi chamgwirizano wabanja ndi kochepera miyezi itatu ndi kupitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yopuma, wogwira ntchito amalandila masiku 3 kuchokera kubwezeretsedwa (nthawi yonse) kapena masiku makumi anayi a kubwezera (gawo la nthawi).

WOYESA LEZA

Lamuloli limapatsa onse ogwira ntchito masiku opumira patchuthi, PACS kapena ukwati wa m'modzi wa ana awo. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi zomwe zalembedwa L3142-1 ndikutsatira Labour Code, wolemba aliyense ntchito akuyenera kupatsidwa tchuthi cholipira kapena PACS kwa omwe akufuna. Kuphatikiza apo, wogwira ntchito atha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wake ngati ali pa CDD, CDI, internship kapena ntchito yakanthawi.

Mwachidule, wogwira ntchito akakwatira kapena kumaliza PACS, amapindula ndi tchuthi cha masiku 4. Pankhani yaukwati wa mwana wake, wogwira ntchito ayenera kulandira tsiku 1.

KUTENDA KWAULERE KWA NTHAWI ZONSE

Tchuthi cha makolo anthawi zonse ndi mtundu wina wa tchuthi chomwe amapatsa antchito mwana akabadwa kapena kutengedwa. Imaperekedwa kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito wokhala ndi chaka chimodzi chambiri chamakampani. Kukula uku nthawi zambiri kumaweruzidwa malinga ndi tsiku lobadwa la mwana kapena tsiku la kubadwa kwa mwana womulera.

Tchuthi cha makolo anthawi zonse chazaka 1, chongokonzedwanso pansi pazinthu zina. Komanso, ngati mwana wachitiridwa ngozi mwadzidzidzi kapena wolumala kwambiri, ndizotheka kuwonjezera tchuthi cha chaka chimodzi. Komabe, tchuthi chokwanira cha makolo sichimalipiridwa.

TIYANI KUTI MUYESETSE UTHENGA WABWINO WA POLITIKI

Lamuloli limapereka mwayi kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense yemwe angagwiritse ntchito udindo wawo pandale kuti apindule ndi maudindo ake komanso ngongole za maola. Chifukwa chake, tchuthi chogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zandale zimapatsa wogwira ntchito mwayi woti akwaniritse udindo wake malinga ndi udindo wake (osankhidwa a dera, oyang'anira maboma kapena oyang'anira).

Tiyenera kudziwa, mwa zinthu zina, kuti nthawi yakutalikirana sichinafotokozeredwe pasadakhale. Kuphatikiza apo, olemba ntchito onse amakakamizidwa kuloleza aliyense wosankhidwa ntchito nthawi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito yawo.