Uloyiko lwabadla umhlala-phantsi ebusweni be ukukhukuliseka kwamandla abo okuthengat eqhubeka ikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka ayingomxholo wokubeka emacaleni. Ngokwenene, ngokucaphuka, olu didi lwabemi luyavuma ukungqina ukuba ukuhla okuphawulekayo kwamandla okuthenga ipenshini kunye nomhlalaphantsi kusongela ukufezekiswa komqobo wobungozi kwixesha elizayo elingekude.
Zithini iinkcukacha-manani malunga namandla okuthenga abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi
Masibuyele ku imbali yale ngxaki. Ngokophononongo olwenziwayo malunga nokuvela kwentlupheko (ufundo lwe-Insee Première n ° 942, Disemba 2003), kuqinisekisiwe ukuba ukuba ubungozi behla ngokuphakathi eFransi phakathi ko-1996 no-2000, ukwanda kwabantu abahluphekayo ubukhulu becala kwenziwa ngabantu abadla umhlala-phantsi. . Ngokwenene, nantsi imifanekiso ecacileyo:
- Ngama-430000 abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi babenomvuzo wenyanga ongaphantsi komda wobungqongqo onxulumene nesiqingatha somgangatho wokuphila ngo-1996.
- Eli nani lenyuka laya kutsho kuma-471 000 ngowama-2000.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba oku kunyuka akubangelwanga kuphela kukwanda okupheleleyo kwenani labantu abadla umhlala-phantsi eliqikelelwa malunga ne-4% phakathi kwabo bonke abantu kunye nokunyuka okuhambelanayo kwe-10% kubantu abahluphekileyo.
Kukwasisiphumo sokunyuka komqobo wokuba buthathaka ngaphezulu kobudala obuncinane kumntu omnye. Ngenxa yoko, abadla umhlala-phantsi abafumana ubuncinane beminyaka yobudala babandakanyiwe kwiinkcukacha-manani zentlupheko. Abantu abaninzi abadla umhlala-phantsi abamivuzo yabo itshintsha kancinane, ngenxa yokuba befakwe kwizalathiso kumaxabiso, bathatyathelwa indawo yi-50% yomgangatho wokuphila ophakathi phakathi ko-1996 no-2000.
Amandla okuthenga abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi: yintoni namhlanje?
NgoJulayi ka-2021, i-Confederal Union ye-CGT yaBadla umhlala-phantsi yapapashwa isikhangiso echaza ukuba ukonyuswa kwe-4% kwakucetywe kwipenshini kwiskimu ngokubanzi, kwelinye icala, akukho luhlaziyo lucwangciselwe abaxhamli bomhlalaphantsi owongezelelweyo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kufumene amanani angazange abonwe ngaphambili kulo nyaka ka-2022. Liphantse liphindaphindeka kabini kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba linyuke ngakumbi, linyuke ukusuka kwi-5.8% ekuqaleni konyaka ukuya phantse kwi-8% ukuya kwikota yokugqibela ka-2022 (uqikelelo. yeengcali zezoqoqosho). Zonke iimveliso zabathengi ziyachaphazeleka, kubandakanywa inyama kunye nemifuno. Ummi oqhelekileyo akanakukhetha ngaphandle kokuthobela oku kunyuka kwaye ahlawule ngaphezulu. Ngaphandle kweenzame zikarhulumente zokuphucula amandla okuthenga abantu bethu abadla umhlala-phantsi, imeko yangoku ihleli ingekho ntle kwabaninzi. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kungaphezulu lee kwipension ebekelwe ukulwa nako, oko kudala ukungalingani phakathi kweemfuno kunye neendlela. Uhlaziyo lugubungela kuphela isiqingatha solwabiwo oluchaphazelekayo, oluza xhasa ithisisi evuselela ukuzingisa kokuwa kwamandla okuthenga kwabadla umhlala-phantsi.
Kuthekani ngepenshini eyongezelelweyo?
Iimveliso ezincedisayo ze-Agirc-Arrco iya kuvavanywa kwakhona ngoNovemba, nangona kunjalo yi-2,9% kuphela abathi abaphathi bamaqumrhu adibeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ichaphazela i-11,8 yezigidi zabantu abadla umhlala-phantsi abavela kwi-CNAV kunye neenkxalabo malunga ne-50% yemali epheleleyo yenyanga yomhlalaphantsi. I-AGIRC-ARRCO okwangoku ine-euro eyi-68 yeebhiliyoni kwiindawo zokugcina, ezilingana neenyanga ezi-9 zepenshini, kodwa ezi zigcina kufuneka zinike iinyanga ezi-6 zepenshini, ngokwenkqubo yolawulo lombutho. Ekhankanywe nguLe Figaro ngoJuni 26, uDidier Weckner, ilungu lebhodi labalawuli be-AGIRC-ARRCO egameni le-MEDEF, wathi "i-paritarism ayikho phantsi koxinzelelo lwezopolitiko olusisigxina. Siza kubona ngo-Okthobha ukuba lithini izinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokunyuka kwemivuzo”, isantya sokunyuswa kwemivuzo iya kugqitywa ekupheleni konyaka.
À ukhukuliseko lwamandla okuthenga epenshini yongezwa kwezo ze ugcino lokhuseleko. Ngokumalunga nomvuzo weLivret A, uBruno Le Maire uthe iza kufikelela kwi-2% ngo-Agasti. Urhulumente unciphise lo mvuzo ukuya kwi-0,5% ngo-Epreli ka-2018 kwaye ukunyuka ukuya kwi-1% kuphela kwimihla yoMdumba odlulileyo. Ngokwesiphakamiso soMphathiswa wezeMali, umvuzo wolu gcino uya kuhlawula kuphela ikota yokunyuka kwexabiso, ukuba ifikelela kuphela kwi-8% kuyo yonke i-2022.
