Kule mihla, amandla okuthenga yinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla yabantu abaninzi baseFransi. Yi le'isixhobo manani ephuhliswayo kwaye isetyenziswe yiNational Institute of Statistics and Economics (INSEE). Nangona kunjalo, iimvakalelo zemihla ngemihla kunye namanani zihlala zingahambelani. Yintoni ke ehambelanayo ingcamango yamandla okuthenga ngqo ? Yintoni esifanele siyazi malunga nokuhla kwamandla okuthenga angoku? Zonke ezi ngongoma siza kuzibona kunye, kwinqaku elilandelayo! Gxininisa!
Yintoni amandla okuthenga ngeendlela eziphathekayo?
Ngokutsho kwe Inkcazo ye-INSEE yamandla okuthenga, eli ligunya elimelwa li ubungakanani bempahla kunye neenkonzo enokuthengwa ngengeniso. Uphuhliso lwayo luqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwinguquko yamaxabiso kunye nengeniso, nokuba kunge:
- ubunzima;
- inkunzi;
- iinzuzo zentsapho;
- izibonelelo zoKhuseleko loluntu.
Njengoko uya kuba uqonda, amandla okuthenga, ke ngoko, ubuninzi bempahla kunye neenkonzo apho ii-asethi zakho zikuvumela ukuba ufikelele kuzo. Amandla okuthenga axhomekeke, kule meko, kwinqanaba lengeniso kunye namaxabiso emveliso ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Utshintsho kumandla okuthenga ngaloo ndlela imele umahluko phakathi kotshintsho kumvuzo wekhaya kunye nokutshintsha kwamaxabiso. Amandla okuthenga ayenyuka ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kungaphantsi komyinge wengeniso. Ngaphandle koko, ngaphandle koko, iyancipha.
Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba ukukhula kwengeniso yomelele kunaleyo yamaxabiso, kule meko, amaxabiso aphezulu awathethi ukuba ilahleko yamandla okuthenga.
Zithini iziphumo zokuhla kwamandla okuthenga?
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuye kwehle kakhulu ukusukela ngoAprili 2004, kodwa imvakalelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ibuyile ngoSeptemba wonyaka ophelileyo. Uphononongo oluninzi lubonisa ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kube nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwisixa senkcitho yokugqibela yokusetyenziswa kwekhaya (ilahleko iqikelelwa kumanqaku epesenti ye-0,7), ukuze ijika lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye negophe elibaliweyo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso liyahlukana.
Amandla okuthenga kwindlu nganye nawo azinzile iminyaka emininzi. Umvuzo wemivuzo unyuke kancinci, ngakumbi kwicandelo labucala. Ukuhla okuncinci kwamandla okuthenga kwixesha elidlulileyo, nangona kunjalo, kwakhuthaza imvakalelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuziphatha okutsha kokusetyenziswa kwenzeka ngenxa yokunyuka kokulindela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Abathengi banamathela kwiziseko kwaye banqande nantoni na engafanelekanga kuluhlu lwabo.
Kungumgaqo ofanayo kunye necandelo lebhanki elineenkqubo zokonga. Ukuba inzala kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza iphantsi kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, amandla okuthenga enkunzi egciniweyo alahleka ngokuzenzekelayo! Uya kuqonda, i umthengi akalawuli amandla akhe okuthenga, ibandezeleka kuphela umonakalo owenziwe ngumthetho wokubonelelwa kweemarike kunye nokufunwa, kodwa kunye nokuzinza okuxhalabisayo kwemivuzo.
Yintoni omele uyikhumbule malunga nokwehla kwamandla okuthenga
Amaxabiso aphantsi kwicandelo lempahla yabathengi akhokelela kwixabiso eliphantsi lokuthengisa. Ngexesha lika-2004, imathiriyeli ekrwada (iimveliso zezolimo kunye nokutya) yehle nge-1,4% kumthamo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba oku kuncipha akuzange kubonwe ngaphambili.
Ngexesha lokukhula okubuthathaka kumandla okuthenga, izigqibo zekhaya zinobuqili. Ukutya okumela inxalenye encinci ye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwekhaya (kuphela i-14,4% ngo-2004), ukuhla kwexabiso kwiivenkile ezinkulu akubonakali kubathengi. Kukho iseti yemigangatho ephuhliswayo kumazwe ngamazwe elinganisa utshintsho kumandla okuthenga ekhaya ukusuka kwixesha elithile ukuya kwelinye. Utshintsho kumandla okuthenga efunyenweyo ngumahluko phakathi:
- Ukuvela kwe-GDI (ingeniso epheleleyo echithwayo);
- Ukuvela kwe "deflator".
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunempembelelo enkulu kumandla okuthenga kwikota yesithathu yabantu baseFransi. Ingakumbi ixabiso lokutya namandla, izinto ezimbini zenkcitho amakhaya alindele kakhulu kuzo inkxaso karhulumente.
