Ukwesaba asebethathe umhlalaphansi ebusweni be ukuguguleka kwamandla abo okuthengat eqhubeka ikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka ayiyona ingqikithi yokuyibeka emaphethelweni. Ngempela, ngokucasuka, lesi sigaba sabantu sivuma ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwamandla okuthenga ezimpesheni kanye nezimpesheni kusongela ukufezwa komkhawulo wokuba sengozini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Zithini izibalo mayelana namandla okuthenga asebethathe umhlalaphansi
Ake sibuyele emuva umlando wale nkinga. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa mayelana nokuvela kobumpofu (ucwaningo lwe-Insee Première n° 942, Disemba 2003), kuyaqinisekiswa ukuthi uma ukungaqiniseki kwehla ngokulingene eFrance phakathi kuka-1996 no-2000, ukwanda kwenani labantu abampofu kakhulu kwenziwa abantu asebathatha umhlalaphansi. . Ngempela, nazi izibalo ezichazayo:
- Abangu-430000 asebethathe umhlalaphansi babenemali engenayo yanyanga zonke ngaphansi komkhawulo wokungabi nathemba ohlobene nezinga lempilo eliyisigamu-median ngo-1996.
- Lesi sibalo sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-471 ngo-000.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kunyuka akubangelwa nje kuphela ukwanda kwenani labantu asebethathe umhlalaphansi elilinganiselwa ku-4% phakathi kwabo bonke abantu kanye nokunyuka okufanayo ngo-10% kubantu abampofu.
Kuphinde kube umphumela wokwenyuka komkhawulo wokuba sengozini ngaphezu kobuncane beminyaka yobudala kumuntu oyedwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, abahola impesheni abathola ubuncane beminyaka yobudala bafakwa ezibalweni zobumpofu. Abaningi asebethathe umhlalaphansi abahola kancane kancane, ngenxa yokuthi bakhonjwe emananini, bathathwe ngomkhawulo ku-50% wezinga lokuphila elimaphakathi phakathi kuka-1996 no-2000.
Amandla okuthenga asebethathe umhlalaphansi: kuyini namuhla?
NgoJulayi 2021, i-Confederal Union of CGT Retirees yashicilelwa isikhangiso echaza ukuthi kuhlelwe ukwenyuswa kwempesheni ngo-4% ohlelweni olujwayelekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, alukho uguquko oluzohlelelwa abahlomula impesheni yokuchibiyela.
Kufanele kuqashelwe, nokho, ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kube nezibalo ezingakaze zibonwe kulo nyaka wezi-2022. Sekucishe kwaphindeka kabili futhi kungenzeka kunyuke kakhulu, kukhuphuke kusuka ku-5.8% ekuqaleni konyaka kuya cishe ku-8% kuya engxenyeni yokugcina ka-2022 ( isibikezelo sosomnotho). Yonke imikhiqizo yabathengi iyathinteka, okuhlanganisa inyama nemifino. Isakhamuzi esivamile asinakho ukwenza ngaphandle kokuhambisana nalokhu kunyuswa futhi sikhokhe imali eyengeziwe. Naphezu kwemizamo kahulumeni yokuthuthukisa amandla okuthenga asebethathe umhlalaphansi, isimo samanje sisalokhu singesihle kwabaningi. Ukwehla kwamandla emali kuyidlula kude impesheni eyabelwe ukulwa nakho, ngaleyo ndlela kudala ukungalingani phakathi kwezidingo nezindlela. Ukubuyekezwa kubandakanya ingxenye kuphela yesabelo esithintekile, esiza sekela ithisisi evusa ukuphikelela kokuwa kwamandla okuthenga kwabathatha umhlalaphansi.
Kuthiwani ngempesheni yokuchibiyela?
Imikhiqizo ehambisanayo ye-Agirc-Arrco izophinde ihlolwe ngoNovemba, nokho-ke bangu-2,9% kuphela abathi abaphathi bezinhlaka ezihlangene. Kodwa-ke, ithinta abahola impesheni abayizigidi eziyi-11,8 abavela ku-CNAV kanye nokukhathazeka ngokwesilinganiso cishe ku-50% yenani eliphelele lempesheni yanyanga zonke. I-AGIRC-ARRCO okwamanje inama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-68 ezigciniwe, okulingana nezinyanga ezingu-9 zempesheni, kodwa lezi zimali kufanele zinikeze izinyanga ezingu-6 zempesheni, ngokusho kwesistimu yokuphatha yenhlangano. Eshiwo yi-Le Figaro ngoJuni 26, u-Didier Weckner, ilungu lebhodi labaqondisi be-AGIRC-ARRCO egameni le-MEDEF, wathi "i-paritarism ayikho ngaphansi kwengcindezi yezombangazwe unomphela. Sizobona ngo-Okthoba ukuthi lingakanani izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nokukhula kwamaholo”, izinga lokunyuka kwenani elihambisanayo lizonqunywa ekupheleni konyaka.
À ukuguguleka kwamandla okuthenga ezimpesheni yengezwe kulabo be ukonga ngokuqapha. Mayelana nokukhokhelwa kweLivret A, uBruno Le Maire uthe izofinyelela ku-2% ngo-Agasti. Uhulumeni wehlise lo mholo wafinyelela ku-0,5% ngo-Ephreli 2018 kanye nokwenyuka kwaba ngu-1% kuphela kusukela ngoFebhuwari odlule. Ngokwesiphakamiso sikaNgqongqoshe wezeziMali, inkokhelo yalokhu kongiwa izofaka kuphela ingxenye yesine yokukhuphuka kwentengo, uma ifinyelela ku-8% kuphela unyaka wonke ka-2022.
