Izindleko zemfundo noma ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzikhandla ngokuvamile ziyisivimbela lapho kucatshangelwa iziqu ukuthola umsebenzi kalula. Abantu abaningi abanalo izindlela zokuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa kwezemfundo kanti abaningi namanje labo abangazi indlela yokuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlelo eziningi ezizuzisa ukukhokhela ingxenye noma konke ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kochwepheshe. Izinhlangano zombuso noma cha, zimisiwe ukuhamba nawe emizamweni yakho. Nazi ezinye ulwazi namathiphu okuzokuqondisa ukuze uthole kalula usizo lwezezimali lokuqeqesha umsebenzi.
Kungani ulandela ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe?
Izizathu eziningana kulungele ukukhetha ukuthatha ukuqeqesha, ukuqala ukuthola umsebenzi ofanelekayo kalula. Enkampanini noma esikhungweni somphakathi, ukungabi namakhono okuqeqeshwa emkhakheni othile kungabhekwa ukuthuthukiswa.
Ukungabi nokuqeqeshwa okuhlangabezana nezidingo zenkampani kuyoba yihudula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhono lakho lokuzivumelanisa nokuvuselela. Thatha ukuqeqeshwa kokuqeqeshwa ikuvumela ukuba ukhulise ukuqhubeka kwakho futhi ubuyekeze imigomo yakho yomsebenzi. Ukuqeqeshwa kokuqeqeshwa okuphelele kungalandelwa ngenkathi yokuhlwada isikhathi esifushane ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle (enkampanini) futhi kuvumela ukuthola amakhono amasha.
Ungaphinda ulandele ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe ukuze ubuyele kusuku, uvuselele imemori yakho. Ukuziphendukela kwezwe kanye nobuchwepheshe kungadinga ukuvuselelwa, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu elandele izifundo zakhe emashumini eminyaka adlule. Ukwaziswa kwethu kwamanje kungase kungabikho usuku futhi ukuqeqeshwa kuzokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwayo. Ukuqeqeshwa okuqabulayo kunconywa yonke iminyaka ye-5 ukugcina isisebenzi singcono kakhulu kwamakhono akhe.
Okokugcina, ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe kungasetshenziswa ukuvuselela noma ukubuyela ensimini ehlukile. Ukuqeqesha emkhakheni ohlosiwe kuzovumela ukuguqulwa kwamakhono okusebenza. Le nqubo yokubuyisela ingaba yinkimbinkimbi futhi idla isikhathi, kodwa futhi iyanelisa lapho ukuqeqeshwa kuphumelela.
Yiliphi inani okufanele linikezwe ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi?
Ngokweqiniso, ukuya ekuqeqeshweni kuletha inzuzo eyengeziwe kumsebenzi noma umcwaningi wokuqashwa, inkampani nayo inenzuzo yokuqeqesha abasebenzi bayo. Ngokuqondene nesisebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe uthuthukisa i-CV yakhe, ivumela ukuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu nochwepheshe. Ivumela ukuthola iziqu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ayo okuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Landela a ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi i-valorization kuma-optics wokuqashelwa kangcono ukuthi umuntu okhokhelwa, osebenzela umsebenzi, ama-agent wenkonzo yomphakathi, ophakathi, odokotela, ovulekile ochwepheshe, njll.
Ukuxhasa ngezimali ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti: izindlela zabafuna umsebenzi.
Ukuze a usizo ngokuxhaswa ngezimali kwemfundo yabadala, umqeqeshi womsebenzi angase aqeqeshe ukuqeqeshwa ukuthi avuselele ulwazi lwakhe noma aguqulele kwenye insimu. Abacebisi bePôle Emploi bayasiza kakhulu ukuthola ukuxhasa ngemfundo yabantu abadala futhi uqondise umhloli womsebenzi.
Lezi zinsuku zingenza futhi ukuthola usizo lwezezimali ngendlela yakhe. ngoba izimali zokuqeqeshwa emsebenzini, usizo olukhona kubantu abafuna umsebenzi baningi.
Ngakho-ke, uma uqoqe amahora wokuqeqesha kwi-Akhawunti Yakho Yokuqeqesha (CPF) ngesikhathi sakho sokuqashwa, ungazuza emahoreni amaningana wokuqeqeshwa kwamahhala. Lesi sikhathi samahhala singanciphisa kancane kancane izindleko zokuqeqeshwa kwakho kobuchwepheshe.
Ukubuyela Ekuqeqesheni Ukuqashwa (i-AREF) nakho kungakusiza ingxenye yokuqeqeshwa kwakho kobuchwepheshe, okuqinisekisiwe yiPôle Emploi. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi ozosebenza uzozuza ngesikhathi sokuqeqesha kwakhe i-AREF inani elilingana nelo-AER (Ukubuyela Emsizweni Wokusebenza) futhi ukhokhelwa njalo ngenyanga.
Ezinye izinhlelo eziningi zivumela abafuna umsebenzi ukuthi bathole uxhaso lwezimali zokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, phakathi kokunye, Isenzo Sokuqeqesha Ngaphambi Kokuqashwa (AFPR), Ukulungiselela Ukusebenza Kokuqashwa Komuntu Ngamunye (POEI), Izenzo Zokuqeqesha Ezinenkontileka (AFC), Usizo Lomuntu Ngamunye Wokuqeqesha.
UMkhandlu wesiFunda unikeza usizo olulodwa lwezezimali kubasebenzi bokusebenza ukuze bakwazi ukulandela ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe okuvunyelwe idiploma ebhaliswe ku-RNCP (National Directory of Certifications). Lezi zifundo zisekelwa ngokuphelele nguMkhandlu Wezifundazwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokwakheka ngokuhambisana nokuqeqeshwa. Ukuze uzuze kulolu sizo, kumele ubhaliswe nePôle Emploi bese uhlala esifundeni esithintekayo.
Abasebenzi abakhubazekile bazuza ku-Agefiph kanye nezinsiza ezihlukahlukene zezezimali zinikezwa amahholo edolobheni, i-CAF, emabhandlwini eminyango, ecaleni ngamacala.
Uxhaso “lokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi” kubasebenzi
Isimo sihluke kuye ngokuthi omunye uyisisebenzi esihlala njalo, isisebenzi esinqunyiwe sesikhathi noma isisebenzi sesikhashana. le imali "yokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi" Isisebenzi esisebenza unomphela kungenzeka uma umuntu esebenze okungenani izinyanga ezingama-24 noma izinyanga ezingama-36 ezinkampanini zobuciko ezinabasebenzi abangaphansi kwali-10. Ukuxhaswa ngemali koqeqesho lwakho kungaba okuphelele uma uhlelo lokuqeqesha luhlelelwe ngaphakathi kwenkampani yakho. Isisebenzi ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke sikhathazeke ngezimali. Umsebenzi osenkontileka yesikhathi esinqunyiwe angazuza ekuqeqeshweni kobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile.
Kumelwe ukuba aqale esebenze okungenani izinyanga ze-24 eminyakeni engu-5 yokugcina, kumele futhi asebenze phakathi nezinyanga ze-4 kunyaka wamanje nonyaka olandela ukuphela kwenkontileka yakhe yesikhathi esigcwele. Kubasebenzi besikhashana, Isikhwama Somshuwalense Wesikhashana Sokuqeqeshwa Komsebenzi sivumela izinkampani ukuba zisebenzise ngokwezezimali izisebenzi zabo zesikhashana ukuba zithathe ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini.
Kuzo zonke izimo, umsebenzi uzothola usizo lwezezimali ekuqeqesheni kwakhe ohlelweni lwe-Personal Training Account (CPF), i-Company Training Plan (PFE), i-Individual Training Leave (CIF) ), ikhefu lokuqeqesha. Uma ngabe isisebenzi noma umxhumanisi unezinombolo zamahora adalwe kwi-akhawunti yakhe ye-CPF, angazuza ku-a imali "yokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi" ikhokhelwe ngumqashi wakhe kanye ne-OPCA ku-50% esiphezulu.
Ukuqeqeshwa kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza futhi kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthola isivumelwano somqashi wakhe wezinsuku ze-60 kusengaphambili ukubunjwa kwezinyanga ezingaphansi kwe-6 nezinsuku ze-120 uma ukuqeqeshwa kuthatha izinyanga ezingaphezulu kwe-6. Umqashi unemihla ye-30 ukukuphendula futhi uma ukuthula kwalokhu okulandelayo, isicelo samukelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma ukuqeqeshwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kwamahora okusebenza, isivumelwano somqashi ngeke sidingeke.
Njengengxenye ye-EFP, inkampani inomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwabasebenzi esikhundleni sabo futhi kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwabo ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Ngakho umqashi udinga ukunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwalokhu kubasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokuqeqesha aluyona igunya futhi luyisicelo senkampani, umqashi, umphakathi noma ukuphathwa. Isisebenzi ngaphansi kwe-PFE sigcina umholo wakhe sonke isikhathi sokuqeqesha kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe zokuqeqesha (ukuhlala, ukuhamba, ukudla, njll) kungumthwalo womqashi.
I-CIF yiyona ikhefu elivumela umsebenzi ukuba engekho emsebenzini wakhe isikhathi esithile ukuze alandele ukuqeqeshwa okuqeqeshiwe futhi athuthukise amakhono akhe noma ukubuyisela. I-CIF engafani ne-PFE isesitelekeni sesisebenzi futhi inikezwa ngemvume yomqashi. Kodwa-ke umsebenzi ugcina umholo wakhe phakathi nesikhathi sokuqeqesha ngisho noma kuqondene nensimu yomsebenzi ehlukile kwenkampani yakhe. Ukuqeqesha ngaphansi kwe-CIF kungase kube yingxenye yesikhathi noma isikhathi esigcwele, eqhubekayo noma eqhubekayo.
Ukuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kobuchwepheshe njengesikhonzi sikahulumeni
Njengomsebenzi wangasese, isisebenzi singanikezwa ukuqeqesha umqashi wakhe noma uhulumeni. Isisebenzi singabuye sizuze kwi-Vocational Training Leave (CFP) uma sisebenze iminyaka eyi-3 ekuphathweni komphakathi. I-CFP yakhe ayikwazi futhi ukudlula iminyaka emithathu phezu komsebenzi, ingathathwa ngesikhathi esisodwa noma isakaze ngaphezu koqeqesho oluningana lochwepheshe.
Ukuba khona kwesikhulu esiqeqeshweni sizobekwa njalo njalo ngenyanga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhokhwa kwezibonelelo zakhe. Lezi zimali zilinganiselwa ku-85% weholo elibizayo kanye, kwezinye izimo, izindleko zokuhlala. Isikhulu singabuye sizuze ku-a ukuxhaswa ngezimali koqeqesho lobuchwepheshe njengengxenye yokuguquka kwesimo esigabeni esifanayo (A, B noma C). Kulesi simo, uzuze ekuphumeni kwekhefu okungekho isikhathi esingenakuqeda izinyanga ze-6.
Abasebenzi bakahulumeni nabo bayasizakala ngesikweletu saminyaka yonke samahora okuqeqeshwa kobungcweti noma i-Personal Training Account (CPF). Lokhu usizo ngokuxhaswa ngezimali kwemfundo yabadala itholakala ngesicelo sesikhulu ngenjongo yokulandela izifundo ezithile ezivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono adingekayo, ukuthola idiploma, isihloko noma isitifiketi se-qualification professional.
Ukuxhasa ngemali yokuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe phakathi kwabaqashile
Umuntu ozisebenzayo nguyena oku-akhawunti yakhe noma ongumphathi webhizinisi. Futhi bangalandela ukuqeqeshwa kwezemisebenzi futhi bazuze kusizo lwezezimali ngenxa ye-AGEFICE, i-Association for the Management of the Financing of the Training of Company Directors. Ukuze uzuze kulolu sizo lwezezimali, kufanele uqale usebenze emkhakheni wezohwebo, imboni noma izinsizakalo, kufanele futhi ubhaliswe ne-URSSAF ngaphansi kwekhodi ye-NAF. Abasebenzi abazisebenzayo abafanele ukuxhaswa bazohlomula ngemali ekhokhwayo yokuqeqesha engama-euro angama-2 000 ngonyaka.
Ngodokotela abakhululekile, i-FAF-PM noma Training Fund Isikhwama se-Medical Profession idinga ukunikezwa odokotela ku-0,15% yonyaka wokugcina wezokuphepha komphakathi. Ngenxa yale mali, odokotela bangathatha ukuqeqeshwa kweqembu lamahhala nezinhlangano ze-Continuing Medical Education (CME). I-FAF-PM nayo isiza nodokotela ofisa ukujoyina uqeqesho olulodwa, kuze kufike ku-420 euros ngonyaka kanye nodokotela ngamunye. Lezi zinsuku zingalandela isiteji yesayensi noma zilungiselele i-DU, ikhono.
Kweminye imisebenzi yenkululeko, bathembele kwi-Interprofessional Fund for Liberal Professionals (FIF-PL). Kufanele ubhaliswe ne-URSAFF futhi ube nekhodi le-NAF ukuze uzuze kulolu sizo lwezezimali. Ngokuvumelana ne ukuguqulwa koqeqesho lokuqeqeshwa, ikhomishana inesibopho sokunikezela noma ukunganikezi izinsiza zokuqeqesha emsebenzini we-FIF-PL. lochwepheshe kufanele athumele isicelo kwiwebhusayithi yeSikhwama, kanye nesicatshulwa sokuqeqeshwa okufunayo. Ukuxhaswa ngemali yokuqeqesha kuyisimo-by-case basis.
Ukuxhaswa ngezimali zokuqeqesha ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi we-intermittent
Umculi ohamba phambili noma uchwepheshe wezokubonisa ufanelekile kwi-Individual Training Leave (CIF) futhi angazuza ku-a ukusiza ukuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe. Imali yoqeqesho izoba ingxenye noma ingqikithi kuye ngesikhathi esisetshenzisiwe. I-Performance Training Insurance (AFDAS) izosiza isikhashana ukuthola imali noma ukukhokhela zonke izindleko zokuqeqesha uma umholo wesikhashana ungaphansi noma ulingana no-150% womholo ophansi. Uma isikhashana siqeqeshwa nge-CIF, uzoba sesimweni sokuqhubeka nokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi futhi uzokhokhelwa yi-AFDAS.
