Le amandla okuthenga imele isethi yezimpahla nezinye izinsizakalo zemakethe imali engenayo engaba nayo. Ngamanye amazwi, amandla okuthenga yikhono lemali engenayo lokuthenga ngamanani ahlukene. Izwe elina amandla okuthenga anda kunomthelela ngokwemvelo ukuthuthukiswa kwezwe. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho igebe elikhulu phakathi kwemali engenayo kanye nentengo yezinsizakalo zemakethe, amandla okuthenga aba makhulu. Ngo-2021, iJalimane, ngokwesibonelo, ikleliswe njengezwe lokuqala elinamandla okuthenga angcono kakhulu.
Kulesi sihloko, sikunikeza imibono bala kahle amandla okuthenga.
Abalwa kanjani amandla okuthenga?
Ukuvela kwamandla okuthenga kuvela negebe phakathi kwezinga lemali engenayo yasekhaya kanye nezinga lentengo. Impela, uma kukhona ukukhuphuka kwemali engenayo uma kuqhathaniswa namanani atholakalayo emakethe, amandla okuthenga ayakhuphuka. Uma kungenjalo, amandla okuthenga ayehla lapho imali engenayo yasekhaya iphansi kunentengo yezinsizakalo zemakethe.
Ukukala iukusetshenziswa kweyunithi, izinkomba ezithile ziyacatshangelwa:
- omdala wokuqala ubalwa ngo-1 CU;
- umuntu owengeziwe oneminyaka engaphezu kwe-14 ubalwa nge-0,5 CU;
- ingane engeqile eminyakeni eyi-14 ibalwa ngo-0,3 UC.
Uma sicabangela la mayunithi, sibalaukusetshenziswa kweyunithi emndenini ohlanganisa abantu abadala ababili (umbhangqwana), oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala (omusha) kanye oneminyaka engu-10 ubudala (ingane), sithola 2,3 CU (1 CU yomzali wokuqala , 0,5 UC for the umuntu wesibili (omdala), i-0,5 UC yentsha kanye no-0,3 UC yomuntu ongeqi eminyakeni eyi-14).
Ungalinganisa kanjani imali engenayo ukuze uthole amandla okuthenga?
ngoba linganisa amandla okuthenga emakhaya, kubalulekile ukucabangela iholo ngalinye. Ngempela, ucabangela yonke imali engenayo, ikakhulukazi leyo ekhushulwa ngokunikezwa komphakathi futhi ibuye yehliswe ngezintela ezihlukahlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali yebhizinisi kuhlanganisa I:
- imali engenayo yabasebenzi (amaholo abasebenzi, izimali ezihlukahlukene zemisebenzi ezimele, imali engenayo yabathengisi, abaculi kanye nosomabhizinisi);
- imali engenayo evela empahleni yomuntu siqu (irenti etholiwe, izabelo, inzalo, njll.).
Ukuvela kwezintengo emandleni okuthenga
Inkomba yentengo esetshenziswa ukukala amandla okuthenga emizi ezingeni likazwelonke, imele inkomba yezindleko zokusetshenziswa kwemizi. Kunomehluko phakathi kwale nkomba kanye nenkomba yamanani omthengi (CPI). Icabangela izinguquko kuwo wonke amanani ahambisana nezidingo zasendlini (CPI). Nokho, ayinikezi isisindo esifanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Kwezinye izimo, isebenzisa isisindo esiphezulu kakhulu ukuqasha kune-CPI (ngisho nangaphezu kokuphindwe kabili). Ngamanye amazwi, kuma-akhawunti kazwelonke, sithola ukuthi abanikazi bamakhaya bangasebenzisa intengo yendawo yokuhlala, njengoba kunjalo ngemizi eqashisayo.
Imaphi amafomula okufanele asetshenziselwe ukubala amandla okuthenga?
Kukhona amafomula amabili ukukala amandla okuthenga omndeni. Ungasebenzisa i- izindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukwehlukanisa iholo labasebenzi noma amaholo ngomphindaphindi amanani;
- hlukanisa iholo elifanayo ngenkomba yentengo bese uphindaphinda yonke into nge-100.
Ngakho-ke, i- amandla okuthenga asekhaya ngomholo wama-euro ayi-1 yi-euro eyi-320, nokuthi, uma sihlukanisa le mali engenayo ngo-1245,28 (inkomba yentengo ngo-106) futhi yonke iphindaphindeka ngo-2015.
Yiziphi izindlela okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze kubalwe amandla okuthenga?
Le ukubalwa kwamandla okuthenga avumelanayo yenziwa ngemali engenayo etholakalayo. Ngempela, imali engenayo etholwe ngemva kokudonsa ezinye izindleko ezizibophezele kusengaphambili, lezo ezibalulekile kumuzi ngamunye ngesikhathi esifushane njengentengo yerenti noma leyo yomshuwalense.
Le imali engenayo engaphelele imele imali engenayo yomndeni esetshenziselwa ukudla noma ukutshala imali kulandela imisebenzi yokusabalalisa kabusha, njengezinzuzo zomphakathi nezintela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yizindleko zokugcina zokusetshenziswa, kanye nenani lamandla okuthenga athengekayo kanye nesamba semali engenayo engalahlwayo anemikhuba efanayo.
