Ikhefu ikhefu lisetyenziswa ngokubhekisele kwiiveki ezintlanu zekhefu elihlawulelwayo. Kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo, igama elifanayo liquka ezinye iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Kule nqaku intsha ngesihloko, siza kugxila kwishumi elinanye elitsha iintlobo zekhefu.
Kule mizila embalwa ilandelayo, siya kuzama ukwenza ukuba ufumanise ikhefu lobaba, ikhefu labantwana abagulayo kunye nekhefu lokuhlaselwa ngabantwana. Siyathemba ukuba indlela yethu iyakuvumela ukuba ufumanise onke la magqabi kunye neendlela zazo kwaye yonke le nto iya kuba luncedo kuwe.
I-CONGINDAWO YOKUFUNDA NOKUFUNYANWA NGOMNTWANA
E-France, Paternity kunye nekhefu lokugcina abantwana zidweliswe kumanqaku e-L1225-35, L1226-36 kunye ne-D1225-8 yeKhowudi yezaBasebenzi. Yenziwa ifumaneke kubo bonke abaqeshwa, abathi babe ngootata, kungakhathalelwa umsebenzi wabo wobungcali, ubukhulu, uhlobo lwesivumelwano sengqesho kunye nenqanaba lentlalontle. Abasebenzi abaziqeshileyo banokuthatha ithuba lolu hlobo lekhefu. Ixesha lokuzala kunye nekhefu lokugcina abantwana liyahluka ngokwenani lokuzalwa. Ihlala iintsuku ezili-11 kubandakanya nempelaveki xa kuzelwe umntu omnye, iintsuku ezili-18 kwimeko yokuzalwa okuninzi. Ukongeza, inokuthathwa emva kweentsuku ezi-3 zomthetho zekhefu lokuzalwa.
Iintsuku ezili-11/18 zokuzala kunye nekhefu lokukhathalela abantwana azinokwahlulwa.
INDAWO YOKUVELA
Ikhefu lokuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho, likhefu lokuba nawuphi na umqeshi abenoxanduva lokumnika nawuphi na umqeshwa owamkela umntwana omnye okanye nangaphezulu. Xa ikhontrakthi yengqesho ingabandakanyi ulondolozo lomvuzo, umqeshwa othathe eli khefu angabhatalwa xa ehlangabezana nale miqathango ilandelayo:
- Bhalisiwe kwinkqubo yokhuseleko lwaseburhulumenteni kangangeenyanga ezili-10
- basebenze ngokomndilili iiyure ezingama-200 kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezandulelayo.
Ixesha lokuthatha ikhefu lokuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho
- Iiveki ezili-10 zomntwana wokuqala okanye wesibini
- Iiveki ezili-18 xa kuthathwa umntwana ongowesithathu okanye nangaphezulu
- Iiveki ezingama-22 xa ukwamkelwa komntwana ngumntu ongamzelanga ibengowakho kwaye sele unabantwana ababini abaxhomekekileyo
Iqala ngokubanzi kwiveki eyandulela ukwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu (d) kwaye inokudityaniswa kunye neentsuku ezintathu zekhefu lokuzalwa.
Ikhefu linokwahlulwa phakathi kwabazali bobabini, okuya kongeza ezinye iintsuku ezili-11 okanye ezili-18 ukuba abantwana abaliqela badityaniswe ekhaya.
VELA UMNTWANA UKUVELA
Ikhefu lokugula lomntwana likhefu elivumela umqeshwa ukuba angabikho emsebenzini okwethutyana ukuze akwazi ukukhathalela umntwana wakhe ogulayo. Ngokwezibonelelo zenqaku i-L1225-61 yeKhowudi yezaBasebenzi, iimeko ezithile zilawula eli khefu, kubandakanya into yokuba:
- Umntwana womqeshwa kufuneka abe phantsi kweminyaka eli-16,
- umsebenzi kufuneka anoxanduva lomntwana.
Kwelinye icala, ikhefu labantwana alinikwa nangokobungakanani bomsebenzi okanye ngokwesikhundla sakhe ngaphakathi kwinkampani. Ngamafutshane, umqeshi unyanzelekile ukuba awunike nawuphi na umsebenzi wenkampani.
Eli khefu ukongeza ekungahlawulweni, linethuba lokuhluka ngokobudala nenani labantwana bomqeshwa. Iyahlala ke:
- Iintsuku ezintathu kumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-3,
- Iintsuku ezi-5 zomntwana ongaphantsi konyaka ubudala,
- Iintsuku ezi-5 zomsebenzi okhathalela abantwana aba-3 abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16.
Ngamanye amaxesha, isivumelwano esidibeneyo sinika ixesha elide lekhefu labantwana abagulayo, buza.
IPHEPHA LASESABABATIKI
Ikhefu leSabatha yile khefu elinika nawuphi na umqeshwa ilungelo lokungabikho emsebenzini ixesha elimiselweyo, ukulungiselela izinto ezizezakho. Inokunikwa kuphela umqeshwa:
- ubuncinci iinyanga ezingama-36 zobukhulu benkampani,
- ndineminyaka emi-6 yobungcali bomsebenzi wobungcali,
- abangazuzanga kwikhefu loqeqesho lomntu ngamnye, ikhefu lokumisela ishishini okanye ikhefu lokubhabhisa kwiminyaka emi-6 edluleyo ngaphakathi kwinkampani.
Ixesha lekhefu lokubhabha liyahluka phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 nezili-11 ubuninzi. Ukongeza, ngeli xesha, umsebenzi akafumani mvuzo.
HLALANI NOKUFA
IKhowudi yomSebenzi, ngenqaku layo elingu-L3142-1, ibonelela kwimeko yokusweleka kwelungu losapho lomqeshwa ngenxa yekhefu elithile elaziwa njengekhefu lokufa. Inikwe bonke abasebenzi ngaphandle kwemeko yobudala. Ukongeza, ubude bekhefu lokufelwa buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisibophelelo umsebenzi abelana ngaso nomfi. Kungoko:
- Iintsuku ezintathu kwimeko yokusweleka kweqabane lomtshato, iqabane laseburhulumenteni okanye iqabane.
- Iintsuku ezi-3 zokusweleka kukamama, utata, abantakwabo okanye oodadobawo okanye oomakazi (utata okanye umama)
- Iintsuku ezi-5 zetyala elinomtsalane lokulahleka komntwana.
Ezinye iimvumelwano ezidityanelweyo zonyuse ubude bokungabikho komthetho kumthetho. Umthetho omtsha kufuneka ubonakale ukonyusa ikhefu lomntwana oswelekileyo ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-15.
IPHEPHA LOKUQESHWA KWABazali
Umthetho ubonelela bonke abasebenzi ngekhefu elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba likhefu lokuya kubazali. Eli khefu linika umsebenzi ithuba lokuyeka emsebenzini ukuba anakekele umntwana wakhe oya kuthi abonise imeko yezempilo efuna ukhathalelo oluzinzileyo kunye nobukho obuzinzileyo.
Ikhefu lokuba ngumzali linikezelwa kuphela kubasebenzi becandelo labucala, abasebenzi bakarhulumente abasisigxina, iiarhente ezingasisigxina nabaqeqeshi.
Ngamafutshane, inikwa kuphela xa umntwana enesiphene, ukugula kakhulu okanye ixhoba lengozi ebalulekileyo. Ngelishwa, akuhlawulwa kwaye inobuninzi beentsuku ezingama-310.
IKHAYA LOKUVELA
Ngokomthetho we-2019-1446 we-24 kaDisemba ngo-2019, namphi na umsebenzi unelungelo lokuyeka umsebenzi ukuba eze kunceda umntu amthandayo aphulukane nelahleko enkulu yokuzimela okanye ozakukhubazeka. Eli khefu, elibizwa ngokuba likhefu lokugcina umntu okhathaleleyo, alinampembelelo emsebenzini.
Ukuxhamla kuyo, umqeshwa kufuneka abe nomndilili wonyaka wokukhula ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Ukongeza, isihlobo esiya kuncediswa kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo sihlale eFrance ngokusisigxina. Kungaba liqabane, ubhuti, u-anti, umzala, njl njl. Isenokuba ngumntu okhulileyo onamaqhina osondeleyo kumqeshwa.
Ixesha lekhefu lokugcina umntu okhathaleleyo lilinganiselwe kwiinyanga ezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, inokuhlaziywa.
Ezinye izivumelwano ezidityanelweyo zinika iimeko ezifanelekileyo ngakumbi, ungakulibali ukubuza.
IPHEPHA LOKUQHELEKELA INTSAPHO
Umthetho ubonelela abasebenzi abathandekayo babo ukuba ulixhoba lokugula okunganyangekiyo ikhefu elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba likhefu lobumbano losapho. Ngenxa yeli khefu, umsebenzi unokunciphisa okanye ayeke okwethutyana ukusebenza ukuze anakekele umntu omthandayo ochaphazelekayo. Aba bokuqala banokuba ngumzalwana, udadewethu, umntu okhulayo, ozukulwana, njl njl.
Ixesha lekhefu lokuzinza kwiintsapho lelona lide liinyanga ezintathu kwaye ubuninzi buziinyanga ezi-3. Ukongeza, ngexesha lekhefu, umsebenzi unokufumana iintsuku ezingama-6 zembuyekezo (ixesha elipheleleyo) okanye iintsuku ezingama-21 zembuyiselo (inxenye yethutyana).
UMTSHATO WESIQINISEKISO
Umthetho ubonelela bonke abasebenzi iintsuku ezizodwa zekhefu emtshatweni, i-PACS okanye umtshato womnye wabantwana babo. Ukongeza, ngokwemiqathango yamanqaku L3142-1 kunye nokulandela iKhowudi yaBasebenzi, nawuphi na umqeshi unyanzelekile ukuba anike umtshato ohlawulelwayo okanye ikhefu lePACS kubaqeshwa abalifunayo. Ukongeza, umqeshwa unokuthatha ithuba kuyo nokuba ukwi-CDD, i-CDI, uqeqesho okanye umsebenzi wethutyana.
Ngamafutshane, xa umsebenzi etshata okanye egqiba i-PACS, uxhamla kwikhefu leentsuku ezi-4. Kwimeko yomtshato womntwana wakhe, umsebenzi unelungelo lokufumana usuku olu-1.
IPHEPHA LOKUQESHWA KWABazali
Ikhefu labazali ngokusisigxina lolunye uhlobo lwekhefu elinikezwe abasebenzi xa umntwana ezalwa okanye esamkelwe. Inikwa nawuphi na umsebenzi onomndilili wonyaka wokuphakama kwinkampani. Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo bugwetywa ngokungqinelana nomhla wokuzalwa komntwana okanye ukufika kwekhaya lomntwana ngokusemthethweni.
Ikhefu labazali elisisigxina lexesha elingaphezu konyaka, elinokuhlaziywa phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Kwelinye icala, ukuba umntwana ulixhoba lengozi okanye ukwenzakala kakhulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba wandise ikhefu komnye unyaka omnye. Nangona kunjalo, ikhefu labazali elisisigxina alihlawulwa.
UKUVUNA KWENGXOWA-MALI YOMGAQO-SISEKO
Umthetho ubonelela nawuphina umqeshwa osebenzisa igunya lezopolitiko lendawo yakhe ukuba azuze kwezigunyaziso kunye neziqinisekiso zeyure. Ke, ikhefu lokusebenzisa igunya lezopolitiko lendawo linika umqeshwa ithuba lokufezekisa uxanduva lwakhe ngokwemiyalelo yakhe (ekhethiweyo yengingqi, kamasipala okanye yesebe).
Kumele kuqatshelwe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba ixesha lokungabikho kwalo alichazwanga kwangaphambili. Ukongeza, bonke abaqeshi banyanzelekile ukuba bavumele nawuphi na umqeshwa okhethiweyo ixesha elifanelekileyo lokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo igunya labo.
