Qonda imiba esisiseko kwezemali
Ukuqinisekisa ulawulo lwemali olusebenzayo, kubalulekile ukukwazi kakuhle iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko kwezemali. Ezi ngcamango zibalulekileyo ziya kukuvumela ukuba ulawule ngcono izibonelelo zakho zemali kwaye wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi. Nazi ezinye iikhonsepthi eziphambili ekufuneka uzazi:
- Ii-asethi namaTyala: Ii-asethi zimele ipropati kunye nezibonelelo ezigcinwe lishishini, ngelixa amatyala ingamatyala kunye nezibophelelo zemali. Umahluko phakathi kwee-asethi kunye namatyala ubandakanya i-equity yenkampani.
- Ingeniso Neenkcitho: Ingeniso yimali eveliswa lishishini ngemisebenzi yalo yoshishino, ngelixa iindleko ziziindleko ekungenwe kuzo ekwenzeni le misebenzi. Umahluko phakathi kwengeniso kunye neendleko yingeniso okanye ilahleko yeshishini.
- Inzuzo: Inzuzo ilinganisa ukukwazi kwenkampani ukwenza inzuzo xa kuthelekiswa neendleko zayo. Idla ngokuchazwa njengepesenti kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ukusebenza kwemali kweenkampani ezahlukeneyo okanye ukuvavanya impumelelo yotyalo-mali.
- Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali sisicwangciso semali esiqikelela umvuzo kunye neendleko zeshishini kwixesha elithile. Inceda ukulandelela ukusebenza kwemali, iindleko zokulawula, kunye nokuchonga amathuba okuphucula.
- Ukungena nokuphuma kwemali ephuma kwinkampani ngexesha elithile. Ulawulo olusebenzayo lokungena nokuphuma kwemali lubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-asethi kunye ne-solvency yenkampani.
Hlalutya iingxelo zemali ukuze wenze izigqibo ezingcono
Iingxelo zemali zibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga impilo yemali yeshishini kwaye zibalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizizo. Nazi ezinye iinkcazo zemali eziphambili kunye nendlela yokuzihlalutya:
- I-Balance Sheet: I-balance sheet ibonisa ii-asethi, amatyala kunye ne-equity yeshishini ngexesha elithile. Kuyanceda ukuvavanya i-solvency kunye nokuzinza kwemali yenkampani. Ukuhlalutya i-balance sheet, thelekisa ii-asethi kunye namatyala ukubona amandla enkampani ekuhlawuleni amatyala kunye nokukhula kwemali.
- Ingxelo yengeniso: Ingxelo yengeniso ibonisa ingeniso, iindleko kunye nenzuzo okanye ilahleko yeshishini kwixesha elithile. Isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya inzuzo kunye nokusebenza kwemali yenkampani. Ukuhlalutya ingxelo yengeniso, uphonononge ingeniso kunye neentsingiselo zenkcitho kwaye uzithelekise kuqikelelo lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ukuchonga umahluko kunye namathuba okuphucula.
- Ingxelo yokungena nokuphuma kwemali: Ingxelo yokuhamba kwemali ibonisa ukungena nokuphuma kwemali kwenkampani ngexesha elinikiweyo. Ilandela umkhondo wemali yokuhlawula amatyala kunye nokukwazi kwenkampani ukwenza ukuhamba kwemali okulungileyo. Ukuhlalutya ingxelo yokuhamba kwemali, chonga imithombo yemali kunye neendleko kwaye uvavanye ukukwazi kwenkampani ukuxhasa ngemali imisebenzi kunye nokuhlawula ityala.
- Umlinganiselo wemali: Umlinganiselo wemali zizixhobo zohlalutyo ezilinganisa ukusebenza kwemali yenkampani ngokuthelekisa iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zemali. Umlinganiselo wangoku uquka ingeniso yenzuzo, umlinganiselo wemali yokuhlawula amatyala, umlinganiselo we-solvency kunye nembuyekezo kwi-equity. Ukuhlalutya ulungelelwaniso lwezemali, luthelekise nemilinganiselo yoshishino kunye neengxelo zeenkampani zembali ukuvavanya ukusebenza okuhambelanayo.
Lawula imingcipheko yezemali kwishishini eliqinileyo nelizinzileyo
Ulawulo lomngcipheko wemali lubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe uzinzo nozinzo lweshishini. Ngokuchonga kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko yezemali, ungalungiselela ngcono ishishini lakho ukujongana nokungaqiniseki kunye nemingeni. Nazi ezinye izicwangciso-qhinga zokulawula umngcipheko wemali kakuhle:
- Ukwahluka: Ukusasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kunye nemithombo yengeniso ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwakho kumsebenzi omnye okanye kwimarike enye. Ukwahlukahlukana kunokukunceda ugudise ukuguquguquka kweemarike kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko ohambelana nokwehla kwemfuno kwicandelo elithile.
- Ucwangciso lwezemali: Phuhlisa isicwangciso semali esiluqilima esibandakanya uqikelelo lwengeniso nenkcitho, iinjongo zokukhula, kunye nobuchule botyalo-mali. Isicwangciso sezemali esiyilwe kakuhle siya kukuvumela ukuba ulindele imingeni yemali kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okunciphisa.
- Uhlalutyo lwemeko: Yenza uhlalutyo lwemeko ukuvavanya impembelelo yeziganeko ezahlukeneyo kwimpilo yezemali yeshishini lakho. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uqikelele umngcipheko onokwenzeka kwaye uphuhlise izicwangciso zentshukumo zokunciphisa impembelelo yazo.
- Ulawulo lwemali: Gcina iliso elibukhali kwindlela ohamba ngayo imali yenkampani yakho kwaye ube neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ulawulo olusebenzayo lwemali. Ulawulo olululo lwemali luya kukuvumela ukuba ujongane nezinto ezingalindelekanga kwaye ugcine i-solvency yeshishini lakho.
- I-inshurensi: Thatha i-inshorensi efanelekileyo ukukhusela ishishini lakho kwiingozi zemali ezinxulumene neziganeko ezingalindelekanga, njengeengozi, iintlekele zendalo okanye ukumangalelana. I-inshurensi inokukunceda ukunciphisa ilahleko yemali kwaye ugcine ukuqhubeka kweshishini lakho.
Ngokuphumeza ezi zicwangciso zolawulo lwengozi yezemali, uya komeleza uzinzo kunye nokomelela kweshishini lakho xa ujongene nemingeni yemali kwaye uqinisekise uzinzo lwalo lwexesha elide.